Cortical neurons are a type of neuron found in the cerebral cortex, which is the outermost layer of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions such as memory, attention, perception, and consciousness. Cortical neurons are highly specialized cells that play a critical role in processing and transmitting information within the brain. They have complex dendritic arbors that receive input from other neurons, and long axons that transmit signals to other neurons or cells in different brain regions. Cortical neurons exhibit a high degree of plasticity, allowing them to adapt and change in response to experience and learning. Research on cortical neurons focuses on understanding their structure, function, and connectivity, as well as their role in various neurological and psychiatric disorders.